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| Author | Topic: OMC V6 Two Stroke: Some Suggestions for Better Running |
| jimh |
I have gotten a couple of suggestions for improving the performance of my V-6 two-stroke carburetor motor (an Evinrude 225-HP looper c.1992), and I would like to get some comments from other knowledgeable mechanics and gear heads on these ideas: 89-Octane Fuel: a mechanic recommended that the engine would run better on 89-Octane fuel instead of the 87-Octane unleaded it normally is fed. The owner's manual says...(87-Octane minimum, I think--I left the book in the boat). What difference will I get from running higher octane fuel?
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| fourdfish |
Jim-- My old 1992 175hp ran much better on the higher octane but of course it costs more. I think the engine also ran better with XD 50 oil but that also costs more. I also pulled and cleaned or replaced the plugs several times a year but I also put a lot of hours on that engine. |
| Peter |
I'm not sure how one can really tell there is an objective difference, performance wise, between the use of 87 and 89 octane in a carbureted 2-stroke. There are so many variables that effect WOT speed I don't think you can eliminate them all and attribute a positive difference to octane unless under all conditions there is an improvement when running 89 versus 87. Regarding stumbling after long periods at low speed, every carbureted 2-stroke outboard I've ever run does the same thing and running at anything other than a level trim seems to make it worse. I tend to think it has something to do with carburetion because my Ficht 225s do not stumble at all after running slow for long periods even when tilted up to run in the shallow water. It's been a while but I don't really recall my EFI Yamaha 225 stumbling after long periods of slow speed operation either. However, it went through a cylinder management routine at low speeds so stumbling could have been masked by that. |
| seahorse |
The recirculation valving and fittings can easily plug up with stale fuel and oil deposits over the years. If you use a can of Engine Tuner to decarbonize the motor, run the engine with a positive trim angle and the solvent will migrate to the recirculation plumbing and may help your stumbling problem. Leave overnite for best results when using Engine Tuner. During periods of idle or trolling, trim the engine up at least half-way so the "heavy ends" of fuel and oil will reaach the recirculation system. If the motor is at a negative trim angle, then nothing reaches the valves and the motor is more prone to "load up". 89 octane is good to use if the engine is run infrequently. Gasoline loses its volatility and its octane rating as it ages. 89 octane give a bit of a buffer in case it loses some during storage time. Premium fuel today uses more chemicals and alcohols to achieve its octane rating and many times will develop vaporlocking (heatsoak) easier than lower grades of fuel. Premium can also leave more sticky deposits inside the carbs when it evaporates. |
| Plotman |
Higher octane gasoline has greater anti-knock capabilities. Many "performace" engines utilize higher compression ratios, and this high compression ratio can sometimes cause the fuel in an engine to pre-detonate, that is ignite before the spark otherwise would. This can also show up as a tendency to "diesel", or continue running after the ignition (and hence the spark) has been shut off. The higher the octane rating, the more resistant a fuel is to pre-detonation. However, if an engine wasn't designed to need premium, I'm not sure what the advantage of using a higher octane fuel would be. Many people think you get better gas mileage, more horsepower, etc, none of which is true. Mostly it's just marketing. David |
| Plotman |
Better explanation here: http://auto.howstuffworks.com/question90.htm |
| jimh |
It is interesting that vapor lock is mentioned as more common with higher octane. About the only time this year the motor was running on 89-Octane fuel (from the gas dock at IRISH BOAT SHOP in August), was also the only time I had a problem in starting the motor. The true cause of the no-start was never determined, but I had a strong suspicion that it might have been a vapor lock condition, as the motor had been run at a fast idle (where the engine temperature tends to be the highest) and then left to bake in an 85-degree sun for 40-minutes. But there were two other possible culprits, including an air leak in the fuel, so I cannot say for sure if vapor lock was involved. But, as I said, interesting that higher octane is more prone to vapor lock. I am glad to hear that I am not alone with this slightly rough running or stumbling when running the engine up to higher speed after a long idle or low speed passage. |
| Plotman |
Jim- having twins gives me a good comparison to see this slight roughness. I'm pretty good about remembering to alternate which engine I shut down when I am out trolling, and when I turn on the second engine for the run home, it is usually pretty easy to tell which engine has been running at idle for a couple hours. I always describe it as running "snotty". If it is too rough to really open it up for a few minutes on the run back to the harbor, I make sure to once I an back inside the breakwater. This soon cures any slight roughness or hesitation. At a minimum it is a good excuse to spend a few minutes really letting her rip. David |
| JMARTIN |
Jim, my 1992 200hp Evinrude looper does perform better if I keep the motor trimmed up at idle. There is still some snotty running when you give her the coals after putting around but nowhere near as bad as when I kept the motor trimmed down. Marina fuel is almost always 87 octane around here. I have put 92 octane in on top of 87 when I go back on the trailer to return the boat to the barn. I notice zero difference in performance. I have no idea on fuel economy but I will try to check it out. When these motors were manufactured, there was 88 regular leaded gasoline, 87 unleaded gasoline, and 92 super unleaded gasoline available here in the PNW. When the refiners were forced to stop using lead to boost octane, I believe it was in 1994, they came up with the 89 midgrade unlead to put in the now empty 88 regular leaded tanks. To make an 89 octane, they blend 40% super 92 octane with 60% 87 unleaded octane. Usually the cost (rack) price that a station pays for midgrade 89 is .07 cents more than the unleaded 87, and 92 super is .15 cents more. The station usually makes more on 89 midgrade and 92 super per gallon becuase they mark it up so midgrade 89 is .10 cents higher than 87 unleaded and super 92 is .20 cents higher than 87 unleaded. John |
| Sal DiMercurio |
I believe they stopped putting lead in our fuel here in Calif back in the late 70s or early 80s, certainly not 1994. I know the Dupont plant just 6 miles from my house had to shut down the tetraethel lead plant in the late 70s. We haven't had leaded gas here since I got married 20 years ago because we drove down to Mexico & they had leaded gas & I had to burn it in my vehicle that said UN-leaded fuel only on the gas intake to the tank. I bought a 150 hp Johnson back in 1990 & the factory recommended using higher octane fuel to make up for the loss of lead in the fuel,....those engines were the same engines that were built to burn leaded fuel. Sal |
| jimh |
John--That is an interesting observation (that the engine runs more smoothly on later acceleration if the trim at idle is kept up), but it is exactly the opposite of what was recommended! |
| seahorse |
Jim, Who recommeded that you trim the motor DOWN (negative trim) when you idle? Vertical trim is OK but a positive trim works a whole lot better because the "heavy ends" migrate to the recirculation valves by gravity. |
| JMARTIN |
Sal, California marches to a differnt drummer, the CARB board. They require what they think is cleaner fuel. Sometimes they miss the boat. I am sure when we are all using hydrogen fuel cells with water vapor coming out the exhaust pipes, CARB will still keep coming up with new requirements, got to keep thier jobs you know. The amount of lead that was present in the fuel in 1994 was not much compared to the 70's. I guess what the Goverment did was set up a "lead bank" and each refiner could only use as much lead as they had in thier bank untill it was gone. ARCO used it all up quickly and got rid of regular leaded gasoline. The others cut back on the amount of lead they used and were able to sell leaded fuel longer. Jim, a mechanic told me to run my looper trimed up at idle to avoid the pooling of fuel and to allow the scavanger hoses, as he called them, to function properly. Seems to work. John |
| jimh |
Not "down" but at level trim. |
| ConB |
Is negative trim propeller forward of vertical and positive trim propeller aft of vertical? Con |
| Peter |
Negative trim is propeller forward of vertical. Most motors provide up to about -5 degrees of negative trim. |
| JMARTIN |
I was told a bit positive of level trim was fine. I just keep her at the same trim I use when running and with a kind of bow heavy Revenge, I am trimmed up quite a bit. When it is time to go, I trim her down to get her up then trim up to what ever the water conditions will allow. There is no longer a big cloud of blue smoke left behind, just a little one. By the way, just got the bill on the thermostat upgrade kit. It did away with the valve connected to the throttle and a bunch of hoses, $81.28 for parts, $195.80 for labor. They do not show the hourly rate for labor. They recommend replacing "check valves for re circ system part # 436104 qty 6" what ever that is. Also the fuel hose and the bulb but I think I can do that. Had the cylinder head retourqed, new spark plugs and some questionable boots/wires replaced and she runs great. But, at WOT she only turns 5000 rpm and I have gotten her up to 5500 rpm before. Aren't theses loopers suppose to turn 5800 rpm at WOT? Still a concern that I am over propped, but I got 5500 rpm with the same prop last year before adding the fuel flow sensor. It might be the old fuel hose, or maybe the new fuel flow sensor? I really do not care about WOT as long as I am not hurting the motor. 3500 rpm at 11.5 gallons an hour with the GPS showing 23 to 27 mph depending on which way I am headed in regards to the current is all I ever do with $3.75+ per gallon gasoline. John |
| jimh |
John is talking about replacing the "Power Cooling" feature on his 1992 Evinrude. My motor has the same configuration. A valve linked to the throttle controls the flow of cooling water. The arrangement is designed to increase the temperature of the motor at lower throttle settings, allowing it to warm up faster and maintain a higher temperature. When you advance the throttle the cooling water path is changed by the valve and more cooling is available. Apparently this feature was re-engineered and dropped from later models. My mechanic has mentioned it as a possible upgrade on my engine. What do other OMC/Evinrude pro's think about re-fitting to the newer cooling? |
| Bulldog |
Jim, I'm no pro, but if there is a conversion that will elminate a valve, several hoses and clamps that all could fail and possibly overheat your engine, sounds like the way to go. They have redesigned it, so I assume there was a problem or potential problem.......Jack |
| kingfish |
I researched this thing a few years ago because my motor (1991 Evinrude 225) had an overheating problem that I eventually fixed by replacing the thermostats, but when I was doing my initial troubleshooting I found my thermostats didn't look like my service manual said they should. The manual showed that the caps over the themostats should have water line fittings to connect the two thermostats together and to a valve on the starboard side of the engine with hoses. My caps had no fittings at all and so had no external water coming to or going from them, and a water line that came out of the valve and looked like it had at one time gone to the thermostats was strapped to the side of the block and plugged. And there were no additional diaphragms under the thermostat covers, as the manual showed there should be. It turned out after having my local OMC (Bombardier) dealer research my condition, that while it never turned up in a written service bulletin, the factory had instructed shops that called in with owners of these motor complaing about rough idling, to disconnect this system, plug the hose coming from the valve, and replace the thermostats, diaphragms and ported thermostat covers with simple vernatherms, no diaphragm, and simple unported thermostat covers from V-4 models. The notion that was explained to me was that the system (that I think Jim is calling "Power Cooling") cooled the power head too much at idle, and the motor needed to run hotter at idle in order to run smoothly. Jim, if the information I got from my dealer is correct, the motor runs hotter at idle *without* the Power Cooling system connected, so either it sometimes didn't work like it was supposed to, or there was *more* cooling provided at idle rather than less. I can tell you that now I have a temperature gauge and can read what is going on back there, my heads are running at 160° to 170° at idle when warmed up, and they drop back down to about 140° when I speed up. John |
| JMARTIN |
My wrench puller agrees with Kingfish. The main reason for the "upgrade" was to let the motor run hotter at idle. A secondary reason was that it eliminated the stuff hooked up to the throttle and a bunch of hoses. The starboard side of the motor now looks almost bare. I do idle better, smoother, but you still know you got a big old 2 stroke back there that was designed to crank it on, not putt around. John |
| banff22 |
Oh great you guys. Just what I needed. One more thing to check out on my 1990 V6 225 2-stroke Evinrude. ;) Peter |
| kingfish |
Just trying to keep you out of trouble, Peter- |
| dgp |
jim, regarding the recommendation from a mechanic that recommended 89-octane gasoline, I believe that is due to his perception that, several years ago, only mid and premium grade fuel included the necessary fuel additives for better performance. Today, Conoco, Phillips, Shell, Texaco and Quick Trip gasolines at all grades, including regular unleaded, have fuel additives for best performance. If your engine is designed for 87 octane, it is a waste of money resulting in poorer performance to use higher octane unless your real-world tests prove otherwise. |
| jimh |
Here is the summary so far: I am ambivalent about the higher octane. Sometimes at marina docks you have to buy 89-Octane or mid-grade, so I do run it on occasion. Generally I fill the boat's tank with 87-Octane. On the effect of trim angle on low speed running and subsequent stumbling when accelerating, I ran the boat this weekend for a hour or more with an eye to keeping the motor trimmed close to level. It seemed to run well, and I did not have any noticeable hesitation or stumble when accelerating back to planing speeds. On the elimination of the Power Cooling feature, I am still a bit confused about the effect of removing it on engine temperature at idle. I will double check with my OMC expert David Zammitt at Lockeman's and see what he has to say. In either case, it looks like a not too expensive way to improve the engine. As mentioned above, if the factory decided to take this Power Cooling feature out of the engine, they probably had a good reason for doing so. Now, to add a new idea the quest for more performance, I just came across this interesting discussion: http://bbcboards.zeroforum.com/zerothread?id=63164 wherein a recommendation is given (by SEAHORSE) to replace a particular fitting in the cooling system in order to increase the effectiveness of the cooling for the electronic voltage regulator. Having just spent $235 (and more for labor) to replace the electronic voltage regulator in my motor, and having performed a dissection of the old unit which clearly showed signs of overheating as the cause of failure, it sounds like this minor part change might be a good idea to avoid future failures of this expensive part. Again, it seems like a few years into production of this model engine the OMC engineers came up with some small improvements which might help performance. The new nipple fitting is about $4 and the replacement seal is $2.97. Part numbers are 344202 for the nipple and 335981 for the seal. See the discussion linked above for more details. I think I will put this one on the list. |
| Tom W Clark |
In 1990 I bought a Johnson 150 V-6 for my Outrage 18. The factory recommended 87 octane fuel for that motor. Over the course of the ten seasons I owned that motor I did, at times, run it on 89 octane fuel and "Premium" fuel thinking it might be good for it. It made absolutely no difference in how that motor ran. That motor was so reliable and consistent I was left with the impression that motor would run on cooking oil! I have always been in the habit of trimming the motor(s) to a neutral (vertical midsection, prop shaft level) trim position at idle speed as when trolling. I have always done this mostly because it just looks right. It also makes the steering effort easier if the motor is pivoting around a vertical axis. |
| bigjohn1 |
Jim, I'm certainly no Evinrude expert but I can speak to some generalities about octane, timing, compression ratios and their effect on most internal combustion engines. Two characteristics of any engine that will have the biggest effect on octane recommendations are compression ratio and engine timing. My 2004 Merc 115efi has a relatively modest compression ratio of 9.7:1 and, as such, is rated to run on 87 octane. It runs quite fine on 87 so I gladly save a few bucks at the pump. I reason, right or wrong, that any additional deposits that my piston tops or valves may pick up from the lower octane will be offset by the periodic de-carb I perform. I don't know how much better your particular engine will run with mid-grade (89 octane). It may run much better and may not. I think that depends on your compression ratio and the timing specs for your engine. It was fairly common in the post-1960's era for auto manufacturers to lower compression ratios and timing specs so cars could run on lower octane, unleaded gas. This is of course due to the fact that older engine designs (pre-1970's) had higher compression ratios, more timing advance (generally) and could not run well on low octane unleaded fuel. My guess is that if you have a compression ratio of more than 10.1:1 your engine could indeed run "better" with 89 (or higher) octane. That could lead this thread all over the place however as "better" is a relative word in this situation. If your engine knocks at all now, it will be reduced (or eliminated) with the higher octane gas. If it does not knock currently and runs fine, you likely will feel no performance difference at all - but your combustion chambers and other engine internals may remain a bit "cleaner". Its hard to generalize in your specific situation so why not simply test the higher octane out to see? While I didn't write the book on all of this, the following is a simple test that I would use and it can be quite easy to verify what your mechanic is telling you. Use two portable fuel tanks - one with 87 octane and one with 89 (or higher) octane. Start with a set of new spark plugs and the tank of 87 octane. Warm up engine and run it up to WOT on the water for 5 minutes. Immediately kill the engine from WOT speed via the ignition. Take out spark plugs and "read" them. Clean the plugs as best you can (or better install new ones again) and repeat procedure with 89 octane and "re-read" plugs. If the plugs "read" that they are burning correctly on 87 octane, it is unlikely that going to 89 is going to improve your performance - unless your engine was knocking or pinging on the 87 octane to begin with. This test is not 100% foolproof but it is one tool to use in assessing octane needs. |
| jimh |
Last weekend I ran the boat for several hours and had a chance to observe the effect of the trim angle of the engine at idle on how well it would accelerate later. In one stretch we were in some shallow water and had been running at idle with the engine trimmed up (to reduce draft). Acceleration back to planing speed was accompanied by some stumbling in the engine. On the next slow speed stretch, I made a point to set the engine trim as level as possible. After a couple of miles at idle, the engine accelerated to planing speed without as much complaining. I do think the trim angle of the engine while at idle speeds will affect the performance. |
| Peter |
As I mentioned above, trim angle at idle most definitely matters on a carbureted motor. My carbureted Yamaha 70 will stumble a little when getting onto plane if run in a shallow water angle just before launch. Same was true with my Evinrude 35, Johnson 48 and Johnson 150 I had years ago. I wonder if the carburetor bowls are not completely filled when on an angle so that when the throttle is advanced the motor is running a little lean until the bowls fill back up and reach an equilibrium.
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| Robob2003 |
I have a 1980 V4 Johnson which the previous owner of the boat had rebuilt. I'm not wild about paying for premium grade gas but the warranty, still in force, says "PREMIUM GRADE FUEL MUST BE USED OR THE WARRANTY WILL BE VOIDED." I have also noticed the stumbling and hard starting with the engine tilted up for shallow water running and just figured the carburetor bowl was not being level and filled. Bob on Tampa Bay |
| lakeman |
Jim, I owned a 1989 200hp looper and after troling for long period it would stumble getting up on plane, I have been on others that did that also, I just learned to live with it. I hope you have changed or checked the thermostats on that motor, I lost mine because the thermostats corroded and froze in the closed position and burned a cylinder. I should also say, I saved my next motor my insisting that they check the thermostats on it, the mechanic did not want to, and guess what they were almost frozen and coroded up enough to almost stop the water flow. I also run fresh water after every fishing trip. I saw some one above mention decarbing the engine, a vocal member and marine surveyor(JOB) of the Florida Sportsman forum named "Dunk" is a beliver in using SEA FOAM to decarbe all outboards, he has given complete instructions on how to do this, it could be that your engine could use a decarbing. Those who had similar problems as yours have reported great improvement in performance, idle, etc. after doing the procedure. You can do a search on that forum to find the directions. Sorry I do not have a link to the thread but it has been posted and reposted several times. |
| Peter |
I've read about Dunk's decarb method with SeaFoam and even considered doing it that way until I realized how much work would be involved. To me it seems far more complicated than simply removing the air silencer and spraying a can of Engine Tuner through the carburetors or throttle bodies and waiting the specified period of time. I decarb my Yamaha and Evinrudes by spraying decarb through the carburetor throat or throttle body in the case where there is no carburetor. I don't know whether its imagined or not but the engines do seem to run smoother afterwards. |
| jimh |
I think the fellow must be a SeaFoam stock holder. His recommendations for decarb techniques are quite severe and radical. I'd follow the procedure in the owner's manual. OMC/Bombardier has their own recommendations. I recently heard this anecdote regarding de-carb: a fellow bought a can of decarb instead of fogging oil by mistake. He fogged his motor for winter storage with decarb solvent. In the spring his engine was destroyed--the solvent had ruined the pistons and cylinders. My dealer told me that around this time of year he hides the decarb so people don't make this same mistake! |
| lakeman |
I do not know whether he is a stockholder or not, but many many people seem to follow his advice and especially for the decarb and have sucess with it. And, low and behold it just resurfaced on the FS forum again here is the procedure. [Cut and paste of the "Dunk" procedure for using Seafoam additives removed. See comments below--jimh.] |
| kingfish |
Sea Foam does seem to currently have a strong following, and not just in the Marine Industry. Local auto parts warehouses around here (Auto-Zone, etc.) "can't keep it on the shelves". I fully admit to being cynical, skeptical and an occasional curmudgeon, but I chalk this up to marketing of some sort and a temporary condition until the next wonder cure comes along. There are a number of de-carboning agents that have been on the market for some time. Personally I prefer to use OMC/Bombardier products on my 225 looper, as it is an OMC motor. I used to give it a dose of de-carbonizer (my term) once or twice a year, but now at the insistence of my local OMC/Bombardier mechanic, and in agreement with a number of fellow boaters whose opinions I value, I religiously use the OMC/Bombardier de-carboning fuel additive, the result of which, according to my mechanic, keeps my motor just as carbon-free as the occasional shock treatment. I understand a similar but more expensive method is to use the OMC/Bombardier 2-stroke oil that has the decarboning (and other) additives in it. John |
| LHG |
I have recently been advised that a stumble or roughness on acceleration to planing speed can be caused by bad reeds. |
| jimh |
I removed a cut and paste of the now legendary "Dunk" de-carb procedure. At least in this version the quantity has been cut down. Last time I saw this procedure it used six times as much SeaFoam and was much more complex. For those of you who are dying to know about it, just google for the phrase "Modified by Dunk at 6:19 PM 8/1/2003" This comes up on many forums. On this website I much prefer first-person experience and exchanges. Disciples of Dunk should ask the fellow to appear in person and present his recommendation first-hand. |
| Sal DiMercurio |
We have the real expert right here in Seahorse. Trust me, if he dosen't know, no one does. His version of de-carb makes all the sense in the world. He taught me how & I believe by leaving the solution in over night & flooding the chambers with de-carb solution all the carbon gets liquified not just the piston tops. If you only put it in your fuel, it gets burned with the fuel long before it reaches the rings. Just some food for thought. Let it soak in every nook & cranny in that engine, not just the top of the piston. By the way, Dunk is a long time personal friend of mine & we talk regularly even though he's in New Jersey & I'm in Calif. Sal |
| kingfish |
Sal- I hope this question comes out sounding as it is intended; a respectful but legitimate curiosity about what I thought I understood about two cycle engines, that doesn't square with your last comment. If all the fuel is burned before it gets to the rings (so the fuel presumably can't carry any anti-carbon agent to them), how do the rings get lubricated? John |
| Sal DiMercurio |
John, on all the newer engines [ DFI] the oil is lubed from the inside of the engines, not mixed with the fuel. In the older 2 cycle engines the oil is mixed with the fuel & does reach the rings but the anti carbon agent gets burned off before it can attack the hardened carbon behind the rings. This is why Seahorse suggest leaving the solution "IN" the cylinders over night, not just for the split second it's in the chamber before it explodes plus being deluted by the fuel. The "Carbon Guard" solution wont remove carbon, it just cuts down on the amount of new carbon being formed & possibly maintains a fairly clean engine "AFTER" the engine has had a good duching with "Engine Tuner". Which method do you think would be more effective, ? The deluted burned off method that only made contact for a split second & than it got blown up,.... or the over night soaking method that is absolutly drowning that hard carbon & liquifing it so it can be burned & blown out the exhaust. Sal |
| kingfish |
Thanks Sal- So it sounds to me like the recommended procedure is to continue with the Carbon Guard fuel supplement, but to add an occasional shock treatment? John |
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